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Supermarkets - Europe - November 2017

OVERVIEW 
Areas covered in this report
Consumer research coverage
Technical notes
Consumer spending
Retail sales
Financial definitions
Currencies
Abbreviations
VAT rates
Figure 1: Europe: VAT rates, 2012-17
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – EUROPE – THE MARKET
 THE MARKET
Sector size and forecast
Figure 2: Europe: Food retailers, sales, excl. VAT, 2012-17
Figure 3: Europe: Food retailers, forecast sales, excl. VAT, 2018-22
Consumer spending
Figure 4: Europe: Consumer spending on food, drink and tobacco, inc VAT, 2012-16
Figure 5: Europe: Consumer spending on health and beauty products, inc. VAT, 2012-16
Figure 6: Europe: Spending on food, drink, tobacco and personal care as % all consumer spending, 2016
Inflation
Figure 7: Europe: Harmonised index of food and non-alcoholic beverages prices, annual % change, 2012-17
Figure 8: Europe: Harmonised index of alcohol and tobacco prices, annual % change, 2012-17
Online
Figure 9: Europe: Proportion of individuals who have bought groceries online in the last 12 months, 2012-16
Figure 10: Europe: Proportion of individuals who have bought groceries online in the last 12 months, 2016
Online share of food retailers’ sales
Figure 11: Leading European economies: online share of all food retailers’ sales, 2016
 LEADING PLAYERS
Netherlands
Switzerland
Croatia
Italy
Russia
Figure 12: Europe: Leading food retailers, sales, 2014/15-2016/17
Figure 13: Europe: Leading food retailers, outlets, 2014/15-2016/17
Figure 14: Europe: Leading food retailers, sales per outlet, 2014/15-2016/17
Market shares
Figure 15: Europe: Leading food retailers, share of all food retailers’ sales, 2014/15-2016/17
 WHAT WE THINK
Maturity
Online
Inflation
What next?
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – EUROPE – THE CONSUMER
The research
Where people shop
Figure 16: Europe: use of stores and online for grocery shopping, September 2016
Where they shop
Figure 17: Europe: number of retailers taking more than 10% of all main shoppers, September 2017
Discounters
Figure 18: Europe: share of main shoppers and top-up shoppers of top two discounters September, 2017
Market leaders
Figure 19: Europe: grocery market leader by share of main shoppers, September 2017
Other supermarkets used
Figure 20: Europe: top-up grocery market leader by share of shoppers, September 2016
Factors to improve at grocers
Top priority
Figure 21: Europe: grocery shoppers’ ranking of priority for improvement, September 2017
Top 5 priorities
Figure 22: Europe: grocery shoppers top 5 priorities for improvement, September 2017
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – EUROPE - INNOVATION AND LAUNCH ACTIVITY
Casino testing payment solutions that dispense with checkouts altogether
‘The Supermarket of the Future’ debuts in Milan
Voice-enabled grocery shopping
Shoppers collecting and delivering online grocery orders for other customers
New click-and-collect service is the largest of its kind in France
Aldi Süd launches car sharing service
A real-time solution to combating food waste in Italy
Continente adds Google Street View
FRANCE
 OVERVIEW
What you need to know
Areas covered in this report
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The market
Spending and inflation
Figure 23: France: grocery market size segmentation, 2016
Channels of distribution
Figure 24: France: estimated distribution of spending on food and drink, 2016
Sector size and forecast
Figure 25: France: retail sales by format, annual % growth in value sales (incl. VAT), 2012-16
Leading players
Key metrics
Market shares
Figure 26: France: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers sales, 2016
Online
Figure 27: France: drive click and collect, sales development, 2012-16
The consumer
Who shops for groceries
Figure 28: France: responsibility for grocery shopping, by gender, September 2017
How they shop for groceries
Where they shop for groceries
Figure 29: France: type of shopping at grocery retailers, September 2017
Factors to improve at grocery retailers
Figure 30: France: factors to improve at grocery retailers, September 2017
What we think
 ISSUES AND INSIGHTS
Grocery retailers must up their game on home delivery
The facts
The implications
Focus on fresh foods
The facts
The implications
Impact of healthy eating and being “green” on grocery shopping
The facts
The implications
 THE MARKET – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Economy picks up speed after prolonged period of subdued growth
Spending on food and drink growing in value and volume terms
Grocers are the primary channel for buying food and drink
Retail sales strengthened again in 2016
Non-food sales in decline at the hypermarkets
 SPENDING AND INFLATION
Signs of growth in economic indicators
Food and drink spending picked up in 2016
Figure 31: France: consumer spending on food, drink and tobacco (incl. VAT), 2012-17
Inflation
Figure 32: France: consumer prices * of food and drink, annual % change, 2012-16
Figure 33: France: consumer prices* of food and drink, annual % change, Jan 2016-Sept 2017
 CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
Grocers dominate
Specialists a vital part of French daily life
Figure 34: France: estimated distribution of spending on food and drink, 2016
 SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST
Total retail sales recovering, further growth forecast in 2017
Specialists outpacing the grocers
Figure 35: France: food retailers, sales (excl. VAT), 2012-17
But smaller stores outperforming larger ones
Figure 36: France: retail sales by format, annual % growth in value sales (incl. VAT), 2012-16
Decline in non-food sales at the grocers
Figure 37: France: sales in supermarkets and hypermarkets by type of product, January 2012-September 2017
Figure 38: France: food retailers, forecast sales (excl. VAT), 2017-22
 LEADING PLAYERS – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Leclerc leads
Decline of the hypermarket continues
Lidl’s move upmarket
Share of hypermarkets down, smaller stores up
Some €6 billion spent online on groceries
“Drive” click and collect the dominant form of online grocery shopping
 LEADING PLAYERS
Leclerc leads
Ongoing decline of the hypermarket
Lidl moves more upmarket
Figure 39: France: leading grocers, sales (excl. VAT), 2013-16
Figure 40: France: leading grocers, outlets, 2013-16
Figure 41: France: leading grocers, sales per outlet, 2013-16
 MARKET SHARES
Figure 42: France: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers’ sales, 2013-16
 ONLINE
The online sector as a whole
Online grocery market size
Shopping online for food
Figure 43: France: percentage of all individuals purchasing online in the past 12 months, 2012-16
“Drive” click and collect dominates
Figure 44: France: drive click and collect, sales development, 2012-16
Figure 45: France: leading grocery retailers’ turnover from drive services, 2016
Developing the Drive format
Pedestrian Drives
Home delivery services growing
Third party delivery services
 THE CONSUMER – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Nearly everyone shops for food
Men sharing the load more
In-store shopping still the norm
Changes to the way they shop
Leclerc extending its lead
Evidence of Lidl’s premiumisation
Quality of fresh foods has the most room for improvement
 WHO SHOPS FOR GROCERIES
Figure 46: France: responsibility for grocery shopping, September 2017
Men participating more
Figure 47: France: responsibility for grocery shopping, by gender, September 2017
 HOW THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
Figure 48: France: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
Figure 49: France: how they shop for groceries, by age and gender, September 2017
Shopping behaviours
Figure 50: France: grocery shopping habits, Q3 2017
Growing interest in ethical and environmental shopping
Figure 51: France: grocery shopping habits, Q4 2015 and Q3 2017
 WHERE THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
Leclerc extending its lead
Lidl leads the discounters
Figure 52: France: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, September 2017
Figure 53: France: grocery retailer they spend the most with, by average age and income, September 2017
Figure 54: France: type of shopping at grocery retailers, September 2017
Figure 55: France: repertoire of grocery retailers used for top up shopping in a typical month, September 2017
 FACTORS TO IMPROVE AT GROCERY RETAILERS
Figure 56: France: factors to improve at grocery retailers, September 2017
Leclerc
Figure 57: France: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Leclerc, September 2017
Carrefour
Figure 58: France: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Carrefour, September 2017
Intermarché
Figure 59: France: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Intermarché, September 2017
 APPENDIX – DATA SOURCES, ABBREVIATIONS AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Abbreviations
Data sources
INSTITUT NATIONALE DE LA STATISTIQUE ET DES ÉTUDES ÉCONOMIQUES (INSEE) – Paris
EUROSTAT – Luxembourg
EDITIONS DAUVERS - Rennes
GERMANY
 OVERVIEW
What you need to know
Areas covered in this report
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The market
Consumer spending
Figure 60: Germany: consumer spending on food, drink and tobacco (incl. VAT), annual % change, 2012-17
Inflation
Figure 61: Germany: consumer prices* of food and drink, annual % change, April 2016-September 2017
Channels of distribution
Figure 62: Germany: estimated distribution of spending on food, drink and tobacco, 2016
Sector size and forecast
Leading players
Key metrics
Market shares
Figure 63: Germany: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers’ sales, 2016
Online
Figure 64: Germany: how they shop for groceries, by parental status, September 2017
The consumer
Who shops for groceries
Figure 65: Germany: responsibility for grocery shopping, September 2017
How they shop for groceries
Figure 66: Germany: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
Where they shop for groceries
Figure 67: Germany: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, September 2017
Factors to improve at grocery retailers
Figure 68: Germany: factors to improve at grocery retailers, September 2017
What we think
 ISSUES AND INSIGHTS
The allure of online grocery shopping for families
The facts
The implications
Good things come to those who don’t make consumers wait
The facts
The implications
 THE MARKET – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Consumer spending driven up by inflation
Grocers account for 80% of consumer spending
Food retailers’ sales just shy of €200 billion in 2017
 SPENDING AND INFLATION
Domestic spending continues to drive the economy
Spending in 2017 pushed up by inflation
Figure 69: Germany: consumer spending on food and drink (incl. VAT), 2012-17
Inflation
Figure 70: Germany: consumer prices* of food and drink, annual % change, 2012-16
Figure 71: Germany: consumer prices* of food and drink, annual % change, April 2016-September 2017
 CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
Figure 72: Germany: estimated distribution of spending on food, drink and tobacco, 2016
 SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST
Grocers continue to grow faster than specialists
Figure 73: Germany: food retailers, sales (excl. VAT), 2012-17
Figure 74: Germany: food retailers, forecast sales (excl. VAT), 2017-22
 LEADING PLAYERS – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Catering to convenience
Edeka leads but Rewe catching up
Online grocery retailing gaining traction
Online grocery retailing gaining traction
 LEADING PLAYERS
Edeka focusses on convenience
Rewe has a good year
Aldi invests at home
Kaiser’s Tengelmann fascia finally disappears
Figure 75: Germany: leading grocers, sales, 2013-16
Figure 76: Germany: leading retailers, outlets, 2013-16
Figure 77: Germany: leading retailers, sales per outlet, 2013-16
 MARKET SHARES
Figure 78: Germany: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers’ sales, 2013-16
 ONLINE
The online sector as a whole
Online grocery market size
Shopping online for food
Figure 79: Germany: percentage of all individuals purchasing online in the past 12 months, 2012-16
Edeka launches same-day delivery via acquired platform
Rewe growing its online sales
Amazon Fresh finally lands in Germany
Kaufland delays expected expansion
 THE CONSUMER – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Women increasingly sharing responsibility
Store-based shopping continues to dominate
Lidl marginally ahead in a fragmented market
Checkout waiting times prove a bugbear to consumers
 WHO SHOPS FOR GROCERIES
Majority of consumers take full responsibility for grocery shopping
Figure 80: Germany: responsibility for grocery shopping, September 2017
Women increasingly sharing responsibility for shopping
Figure 81: Germany: who shops for groceries, by gender, September 2017
 HOW THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
Store-based shopping dominates
Figure 82: Germany: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
Online penetration higher among men
Figure 83: Germany: how they shop for groceries, by gender, September 2017
Parents most likely to shop online
Figure 84: Germany: how they shop for groceries, by parental status, September 2017
Online grocery shopping appeals to the most affluent
Figure 85: Germany: proportion doing any of their grocery shopping online (net), by household income, September 2017
 WHERE THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
Lidl marginally ahead in a fragmented market
Figure 86: Germany: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, September 2017
Parents go to Kaufland
Figure 87: Germany: grocery retailer where the most money is spent, by parental status, September 2017
Lidl more popular with younger consumers than Aldi
Figure 88: Germany: grocery retailer where the most money is spent, by age, September 2017
Aldi proves more popular as a secondary shopping location
Figure 89: Germany: grocery retailers used for top up shopping, September 2017
German consumers like to shop around
Figure 90: Germany: repertoire of grocery retailers used for top up shopping in a typical month, September 2017
 FACTORS TO IMPROVE AT GROCERY RETAILERS
Checkout waiting times a bugbear for German consumers
Figure 91: Germany: factors to improve at grocery retailers, September 2017
Lidl shoppers would like to see a loyalty scheme introduced
Figure 92: Germany: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Lidl, September 2017
Aldi shoppers want more information and faster checkout service
Figure 93: Germany: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Aldi, September 2017
Edeka shoppers want better stock availability
Figure 94: Germany: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Edeka, September 2017
Rewe shoppers want more organic products
Figure 95: Germany: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Rewe, September 2017
Kaufland shoppers want better navigation
Figure 96: Germany: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Kaufland, September 2017
 APPENDIX – DATA SOURCES, ABBREVIATIONS AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Abbreviations
Data sources
STATISTISCHES BUNDESAMT – Wiesbaden
EUROSTAT – Luxembourg
BeVH - Berlin
ITALY 
 OVERVIEW
What you need to know
Areas covered in this report
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The market
Spending and inflation
Figure 97: Italy: consumer spending on food, drink and tobacco (incl. VAT), annual growth, 2012-17
Figure 98: Italy: consumer prices* of food and drink, annual % change, January 2016-October 2017
Channels of distribution
Figure 99: Italy: estimated distribution of spending on food and beverages, 2016
Sector size and forecast
Figure 100: Italy: food retailers’ sales* versus all retailers’ sales* (excl. fuel), 2012-17
Leading players
Key metrics
Market shares
Figure 101: Italy: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers sales, 2016
Online
Figure 102: Italy: oNLINE PURCHASING IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS, EUROPEAN COMPARISONS, 2016
The consumer
Who shops for groceries
Figure 103: Italy: who shops for groceries, by gender, September 2017
How they shop for groceries
Figure 104: Italy: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
Where they shop for groceries
Figure 105: Italy: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, September 2017
Factors to improve at grocery retailers
Figure 106: Italy: factors to improve at grocery retailers, September 2017
What we think
 ISSUES AND INSIGHTS
Is there room for another major discounter in Italy?
The facts
The implications
Is it finally the time for online grocery to take off in Italy?
The facts
The implications
 THE MARKET – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Consumer spending drives GDP increase
Inflation almost negligible
Grocers take three-quarters of spending on food drink
Good growth in 2016 but not as high as the previous year
A return to slightly stronger growth is predicted
 SPENDING AND INFLATION
Italian economy is still weak
Consumer spending drives GDP increases
Figure 107: Italy: consumer spending on food, drink and tobacco (incl. VAT), 2012-17
Inflation
Figure 108: Italy: consumer prices * of food and drink, annual % change, 2012-16
Figure 109: Italy: consumer prices* of food and drink, annual % change, January 2016-October 2017
 CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
Figure 110: Italy: estimated distribution of spending on food and beverages, 2016
Figure 111: Italy: estimated distribution of spending on food and beverages, 2012-16
 SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST
2016 growth good but not as high as the previous year
Figure 112: Italy: food retailers, sales (excl. VAT), 2012-17
Figure 113: Forecast food retailers, forecast sales (excl. VAT), 2017-22
 LEADING PLAYERS – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Coop Italia maintains sales growth momentum
Rivals enhance own brand and seek to develop improved online offers
Coop Italia retains market leadership
Online in Italy: Small and underdeveloped but bubbling under
 LEADING PLAYERS
Coop Italia reasserts its position
Conad invests for growth
Selex growth outstrips its main rivals
Esselunga spreads its wings
Gruppo VéGé leaps ahead
Aldi still to open first store
Figure 114: Italy: leading grocers, sales (excl. VAT), 2014-16
Carrefour only major operator to shrink store estate
Figure 115: Italy: leading grocers, outlets, 2014-16
Figure 116: Italy: leading grocers, Sales per outlet, 2014-16
 MARKET SHARES
Figure 117: Italy: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers sales, 2014-16
 ONLINE
The online sector as a whole
Online market size for food
Shopping online for food
Figure 118: Italy: percentage of all individuals purchasing online in the past 12 months, 2012-16
Figure 119: Italy: oNLINE PURCHASING IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS, EUROPEAN COMPARISONS, 2016
Leading online players
Organisation structure can be a barrier to e-commerce delivery
Conad unconvinced about online grocery
Amazon trying to secure a slice of online grocery business
 THE CONSUMER – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Responsibility falls on female consumers
Consumers still reluctant to embrace online
Coop Italia still the most popular primary shopping destination
Consumers want to see fresh food improvements
 WHO SHOPS FOR GROCERIES
More than half responsible for grocery shopping
Figure 120: Italy: who shops for groceries, September 2017
Gender divide remains
Figure 121: Italy: who shops for groceries, by gender, September 2017
 HOW THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
Most still shop in-store
Figure 122: Italy: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
35-44s drive online purchasing
Figure 123: Italy: how they shop for groceries, by age, September 2017
Grocery shopping habits – Consumers are looking for a bargain
Figure 124: Italy: grocery shopping habits, Q4 2017
 WHERE THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
More people spend most with the Coop
Figure 125: Italy: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, September 2017
A&O attracts a young shopper
Figure 126: Italy: grocery retailer they spend the most with, by average age and income, September 2017
Lidl also a popular choice
Figure 127: Italy: grocery retailers used for top up shopping, September 2017
Half of consumers are loyal to one retailer
Figure 128: Italy: repertoire of grocery retailers used for top up shopping in a typical month, September 2017
Esselunga’s online offer stands out
Figure 129: Italy: how they shop for groceries, by main retailer used, September 2017
 FACTORS TO IMPROVE AT GROCERY RETAILERS
Most want better quality fresh food
Figure 130: Italy: factors to improve at grocery retailers, September 2017
Provenance is also important
Figure 131: Italy: factors to improve at grocery retailers, by rank, September 2017
Lidl shoppers want a loyalty scheme
Figure 132: Italy: factors to improve at grocery retailers, by main retailer, September 2017
 APPENDIX – DATA SOURCES, ABBREVIATIONS AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Abbreviations
Data sources
INSTITUTO CENTRALE DI STATISTICA (ISTAT) – Rome
EUROSTAT – Luxembourg
PIANETA DISTRIBUZIONI, a report produce by Largo Consumo
SPAIN
 OVERVIEW
What you need to know
Areas covered in this report
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The market
Consumer spending
Figure 133: Spain: annual % change in consumer spending, 2012-17
Inflation
Figure 134: Spain: consumer prices of food and drink, annual % change, Jan 2016-Sept 2017
Channels of distribution
Figure 135: Spain: estimated distribution of spending on food, drink and tobacco, 2016
Sector size and forecast
Leading players
Key metrics
Market shares
Figure 136: Spain: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers’ sales, 2016
Online
Figure 137: Spain: online sales by product category and type of retailer, 2016
The consumer
Who shops for groceries
Figure 138: Spain: who is responsible for grocery shopping, September 2017
How they shop for groceries
Figure 139: Spain: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
Where they shop for groceries
Figure 140: Spain: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, September 2017
Figure 141: Spain: other grocery retailers used in Spain, September 2017
Factors to improve at grocery retailers
Figure 142: Spain: what consumers would like to see improved at the grocery retailer they spend most money with, based on any rank, September 2017
What we think
 ISSUES AND INSIGHTS
How are retailers adapting to changing shopping habits?
The facts
The implications
What are the opportunities for driving sales?
The facts
The implications
 THE MARKET – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Spending on food and drink grows
Inflation rises in 2017
Grocers account for 75% of the total market
Growth of food specialists outpacing grocers
Sales at food retailers to reach €115.7 billion by 2022
 SPENDING AND INFLATION
The economy in Spain
Consumer spending on food and drink
Figure 143: Spain: consumer spending on food, drink and tobacco (incl. VAT), 2012-17
Inflation
Figure 144: Spain: consumer prices of food and drink, annual % change, 2012-16
Figure 145: Spain: consumer prices of food and drink, annual % change, Jan 2016-Sept 2017
 CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
Grocers account for 75% of the total market
Figure 146: Spain: estimated distribution of spending on food, drink and tobacco, 2016
 SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST
Growth of food specialists outpacing grocers
Figure 147: Spain: food retailers, sales (excl. VAT), 2013-17
Sales at food retailers to reach €115.7 billion by 2022
Figure 148: Spain: food retailers, forecast sales (excl. VAT), 2017-22
 LEADING PLAYERS – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Mercadona leads the market
Increase in convenience store formats
Discounter Lidl grows market share
Online grocery retailing is still underdeveloped
 LEADING PLAYERS
Mercadona grows revenue by 3.8%
Increase in convenience store formats
Discounters expand
Figure 149: Spain: leading grocers, sales (excl VAT), 2014-16
Figure 150: Spain: leading grocers, outlets, 2014-16
Figure 151: Spain: leading grocers, sales per outlet, 2014-16
 MARKET SHARES
Figure 152: Spain: leading grocers’ shares of all food retailers’ sales, 2014-16
 ONLINE
Online retailing in Spain
Figure 153: Spain: online sales by product category and type of retailer, 2016
Shopping online for food
Figure 154: Spain: percentage of all individuals purchasing online in the past 12 months, 2012-16
Figure 155: Spain: online purchasing, 2012-16
Figure 156: Europe: percentage of all individuals purchasing online in the past 12 months, 2016
Leading players in online grocery retailing
Amazon launches Amazon Pantry in Spain
 THE CONSUMER – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Women do most of the grocery shopping
Most shop in-store for food
Mercadona remains the most popular
Lidl increases in popularity
Quality of fresh foods is main improvement wanted
Demand for better loyalty schemes
 WHO SHOPS FOR GROCERIES
Figure 157: Spain: who is responsible for grocery shopping, September 2017
Women do most of the grocery shopping
Figure 158: Spain: who is responsible for grocery shopping, by gender, September 2017
Gender gap is greater among older people
Figure 159: Spain: consumers mainly/wholly responsible for grocery shopping, by gender and age group, September 2017
 HOW THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
Most shop in-store for food
Figure 160: Spain: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
Figure 161: Spain: how they shop for groceries, September 2017
Carrefour shoppers most likely to shop online
Figure 162: Spain: how they shop for groceries by main retailer shopped at, September 2017
 WHERE THEY SHOP FOR GROCERIES
Mercadona remains the most popular
Figure 163: Spain: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, September 2017
Retailer by age and income
Figure 164: Spain: grocery retailers where the most money is spent, by average age and income, September 2017
Lidl increases in popularity
Figure 165: Spain: grocery retailers used for top up shopping, September 2017
Spaniards shop at few retailers for food
Figure 166: Spain: repertoire of grocery retailers used for top up shopping, September 2017
 FACTORS TO IMPROVE AT GROCERY RETAILERS
Quality of fresh foods is main improvement wanted
Figure 167: Spain: factors that consumers would like to see improved at the grocery retailers they spend most money with, based on any rank, September 2017
Demand for better loyalty schemes
Figure 168: Spain: factors ranked first that consumers would like to see improved at the grocery retailers they spend most money with, September 2017
Demand for Carrefour to improve customer service
Figure 169: Spain: factors to improve at grocery retailers, relative importance compared to the average, Mercadona and Carrefour, September 2017
 APPENDIX – DATA SOURCES, ABBREVIATIONS AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Abbreviations
Data sources
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTADISTICA (INE) – Madrid
EUROSTAT – Luxembourg
Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia
UK
 OVERVIEW
What you need to know
Products covered in this Report
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The market
Real incomes now falling
Figure 170: Real incomes: CPIH versus annual weekly earnings (excluding bonuses) Jan 2014-Oct 2017
Consumer spending on food and drink accelerates
Grocery retail sales return to more substantial growth
Figure 171: All food retail sales (incl. VAT), 2012-22
Supermarkets sales also expected to return to growth…
Figure 172: Supermarkets’ market size and forecast (incl. VAT), 2012-22
…but are likely to continue to lose share of spending
Figure 173: Estimated channels of distribution for grocery retail sales, 2016
Leading retailers
Tesco remains the dominant player
Figure 174: Leading grocery retailers: share of all grocery retail sales, 2016
Aldi and Lidl continue to gain ground
Tesco continues to recover its brand image
Figure 175: Attitudes towards and usage of selected brands, September 2017
The consumer
Levels of top-up shopping continue to rise
Figure 176: Grocery shopping behaviour, September 2015-17
A majority continue to spend the most in supermarkets
Figure 177: Types of stores where consumers spend the most, September 2016 and 2017
Meal planning influences shopping behaviour
Figure 178: How grocery shoppers plan meals in advance, September 2017
Tesco the most used retailer in the UK
Figure 179: Grocery retailers used for primary and secondary shops, September 2017
Nine in ten supermarket shoppers purchase non-foods
Figure 180: Types of non-foods purchased in supermarkets, September 2017
Consumers have noticed price rises
Figure 181: Attitudes to pricing and trading down, September 2017
What we think
 ISSUES AND INSIGHTS
This season’s must have accessory: wholesale
The facts
The implications
Trading up/down/sideways: What falling real incomes could mean for the sector
The facts
The implications
Amazon and Whole Foods: for now file under ‘potential’
The facts
The implications
 THE MARKET – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Inflation continues to grow…
…meaning real incomes are now falling
Consumer spending on food and drink accelerates
Grocery retail sales return to more substantial growth
Supermarkets sales also expected to return to growth…
…but are likely to continue to lose share of spending
 MARKET DRIVERS
Inflation rises
Figure 182: Food and drink inflation, 2012-October17
Consumer spending power falls
Figure 183: Average weekly earnings by consumer price index, Jan 2014-Sep 2017
Consumer confidence has taken a hit but is holding up overall
Figure 184: Consumer confidence: current financial situation vs sentiment for the coming year, Jan 2014-Sep 2017
Private renting increases
Figure 185: UK household tenure status, 2011-16
 CONSUMER SPENDING ON FOOD AND DRINK
Figure 186: Consumer spending on core food and drink categories, 2012-17
Spending on food
Figure 187: Annual % change in the value, volume and prices in the food category, 2012-17
How food spending breaks down
Figure 188: Composition of consumer spending on food, categories as a % of total spending, 2016
Spending on non-alcoholic drinks
Figure 189: Annual % change in the value, volume and prices in the non-alcoholic beverages category, 2012-17
Spending on alcoholic drinks
Figure 190: Annual % change in the value, volume and prices in the alcoholic beverages category, 2012-17
Figure 191: Composition of consumer spending on alcoholic drinks, categories as a % of total spending, 2016
 SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST
Grocery sector returns to strong growth driven by inflation
Figure 192: All food retail sales (incl. VAT), 2012-22
Figure 193: All food retail sales, market size and forecast, 2012-22
Supermarket sector predicted to return to growth…
Figure 194: Supermarkets’ market size and forecast (incl. VAT), 2012-22
Figure 195: Supermarkets: market size and forecast (incl. VAT), 2012-22
…but are likely to continue to lose share in the short term
Figure 196: Estimated percentage of grocer sector sales accounted for by supermarkets, 2012-22
Forecast methodology
 CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
Supermarkets account for over half of all grocery retail sales
Figure 197: Estimated channels of distribution for grocery retail sales, 2016
However supermarkets are increasingly sharing consumer baskets
Figure 198: Estimated breakdown of sector sales, by channel, 2012-17
 THE CONSUMER – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Levels of top-up shopping continue to rise
A majority continue to spend the most in supermarkets
Meal planning influences shopping behaviour
Tesco the most used retailer in the UK
Nine in ten supermarket shoppers purchase non-foods
Consumers have noticed price rises
Traditional loyalty schemes still hold significance for shoppers
 HOW THEY SHOP
Nine in ten are responsible for grocery shopping
Figure 199: Who is responsible for grocery shopping in the household, September 2017
Grocery shopping habits are becoming more fluid
Figure 200: Grocery shopping behaviour, September 2015-17
Younger consumers more likely to do a singular main shop
Figure 201: Shopping behaviour by age, September 2017
However such behaviours are not static
Figure 202: Mintel’s Grocery Tracker: shopping behaviour March 2016-June 2017
 TYPES OF STORES USED
Over half of grocery shoppers still spend the most in supermarkets
Figure 203: Types of stores where consumers spend the most, September 2016-2017
Who spends the most in supermarkets?
Figure 204: Types of stores where consumers spend the most, by age, September 2017
Figure 205: Types of stores where consumers spend the most, by parental status, September 2017
Figure 206: Types of stores where consumers spend the most, by type of area lived in, September 2017
The influence of family on shopping habits
Figure 207: Parental influence on grocery shopping, September 2017
 THE IMPACT OF PLANNING AND EATING OUT
Most do some form of meal planning
Figure 208: How grocery shoppers plan meals in advance, September 2017
Figure 209: How grocery shoppers plan meals in advance, by age, September 2017
How does meal planning affect grocery shopping behaviour?
Figure 210: How grocery shoppers plan meals in advance, by grocery shopping behaviour, September 2017
Just under a third eat out or have a takeaway for dinner at least once a week
Figure 211: Frequency of eating out, September 2017
Figure 212: Frequency of eating out, by age, September 2017
How does eating out affect shopping behaviours?
Figure 213: Frequency of eating out, by grocery shopping behaviour, September 2017
 RETAILERS USED
Tesco the UK’s most visited grocery retailer
Figure 214: Grocery retailers used, September 2017
Figure 215: Trend of grocery retailers used, September 2015 -2017
Tesco’s success is borne out of capturing both main and secondary shops
Figure 216: Grocery retailers used for primary and secondary shops, September 2017
Less than one in ten shop with one retailer
Figure 217: Repertoire of secondary retailers used, September 2017
Asda shoppers most likely to do a secondary shop at the discounters
Figure 218: Where leading retailers’ primary shoppers also shop, September 2017
 RETAILER DEMOGRAPHIC COMPARISON
Tesco attracts the highest level of young secondary shoppers
Figure 219: Leading grocery retailers used for primary and secondary shops, by age, September 2017
Figure 220: The discounters: primary and secondary shoppers, by age, September 2017
Tesco and Sainsbury’s picking up secondary use in urban areas
Figure 221: Leading grocery retailers used for primary and secondary shops, by age, September 2017
Tesco and Sainsbury’s strongest in the capital
Figure 222: Leading retailers’ primary shoppers, by region lived in, September 2017
Figure 223: Leading retailers’ secondary shoppers, by region lived in, September 2017
Asda strong in the lower socio-economic groups
Figure 224: Leading grocery retailers used for primary and secondary shops, by socio-economic group, September 2017
Figure 225: Aldi and Lidl, primary and secondary grocery shoppers, by socio-economic group, September 2017
 NON-FOODS IN SUPERMARKETS
Health and beauty the most popular non-food category
Figure 226: Types of non-foods purchased in supermarkets, September 2017
Clothing purchasing peaks amongst Asda shoppers
Figure 227: Types of non-foods purchased in supermarkets, by retailer where the most money is spent in a typical month, September 2017
Consumers tend to favour a few categories
Figure 228: Types of non-foods purchased in supermarkets, repertoire analysis, September 2017
Non-food products and services seen as time-saving and convenient
Figure 229: Attitudes to non-foods in supermarkets, September 2017
Young consumers more likely to be swayed by non-food range
Figure 230: Types of non-foods purchased in supermarkets, September 2017
 ATTITUDES TO PRICES AND LOYALTY SCHEMES
Consumers have noticed price increases
Figure 231: Attitudes to pricing and trading down, September 2017
Older consumers most likely to have noticed price increases
Figure 232: Agreement to statements about pricing and trading down, by age, September 2017
A move to own-brand?
Figure 233: Mintel Grocery Tracker: attitudes to own v private label, March 2016-Sep 2017
Loyalty schemes
Figure 234: Attitudes to loyalty schemes, September 2017
Figure 235: Agreement to statements around loyalty schemes, by retailer with who the most money is spent in a typical month, September 2017
 LEADING RETAILERS – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Tesco is still the dominant player
Aldi and Lidl continue to gain ground
Tesco continues to recover its brand image
Almost half of consumers do some shopping online
Checkout free grocery
 LEADING GROCERY RETAILERS – KEY METRICS
2016 sees a return to growth for (most of) the leading players
Figure 236: Leading grocery retailers: net sales, 2012-16
Consolidation amongst the symbol groups
Figure 237: Leading grocery retailers: store numbers, 2012-16
Figure 238: Leading grocery retailers: annual sales per outlet, 2012-16
Sales area and densities
Figure 239: Leading grocery retailers: total sales area, 2012-16
Figure 240: Leading grocery retailers: annual sales per sq m, 2012-16
Operating profits and margins
Figure 241: Leading grocery retailers: operating profits, 2012-16
Figure 242: Leading grocery retailers: operating margins, 2012-16
 MARKET SHARE
Tesco is the market leader
Figure 243: Leading grocery retailers: share of all grocery retail sales, 2016
Figure 244: Leading grocery retailers: share of all grocery retail sales, 2012-17
Could Aldi crack the top four?
Figure 245: Market shares: The Big Four grocery multiples vs the discounters, 2010-17
A note on our market share
 SPACE ALLOCATION SUMMARY
Summary data and classifications
Figure 246: Food, non-food standard classifications, 2017
Convenience comparison overview
Figure 247: UK leading food retailers’ hypermarket store format: convenience comparison overview split, November 2017
Figure 248: UK leading food retailers’ superstore format: convenience comparison overview split, November 2017
Figure 249: UK leading food retailers’ smaller supermarkets and discounters: Convenience comparison overview split, November 2017
Detailed convenience comparison split
Figure 250: UK leading food retailers’ hypermarket store format: convenience comparison detailed split, November 2017
Figure 251: UK leading food retailers’ superstore format: convenience comparison detailed split, November 2017
Figure 252: UK leading food retailers’ smaller supermarkets and discounters: convenience comparison detailed split, November 2017
Food and drink categories split
Figure 253: UK leading food retailers: food and drink categories as a percentage of total space allocated to food and drink, November 2017
 RETAIL PRODUCT MIX
Figure 254: Leading food retailers, estimated sales mix, 2016
Figure 255: Leading food retailers: category sales as % total sales, 2016
Figure 256: Leading food retailers, sales density by broad category, 2016
Figure 257: Leading food retailers: estimated share of key product markets, 2016
 BRAND RESEARCH
What you need to know
Brand map
Figure 258: Attitudes towards and usage of selected brands, September 2017
Key brand metrics
Figure 259: Key metrics for selected brands, September 2017
Brand attitudes: Aldi and Lidl lead perceptions of offering good value
Figure 260: Attitudes, by brand, September 2017
Brand personality: Still work to do for the Co-op to change perceptions
Figure 261: Brand personality – Macro image, September 2017
The big four trade on being reliable and accessible
Figure 262: Brand personality – Micro image, September 2017
Brand analysis
Tesco
Sainsbury’s
Asda
Morrisons
Aldi
The Co-op
Lidl
M&S Simply Food
Iceland
Waitrose
Ocado
Amazon and Whole Foods
 ONLINE
Over half do online grocery shopping
Figure 263: Usage of online grocery shopping, December 2016
Online grocery is only around 6% of total sector sales
Figure 264: Estimated breakdown of sector sales, by channel, 2012-17
Delivery passes on the rise
Figure 265: Ownership of delivery passes, December 2016
Tesco is the dominant online player but losing market share
Figure 266: Leading online grocery retailers’ estimated market shares, 2016
 LAUNCH ACTIVITY AND INNOVATION
Checkout-free grocery shopping
Speedy delivery services
Voice-controlled devices that can order grocery items for direct delivery to your home
Driverless grocery delivery
New grocery store with a unique, artisan-style twist on the traditional supermarket experience
Zero waste supermarkets
Sainsbury’s capitalising on the revival in interest in vinyl
Grab & Go van to save them time and effort travelling to a store
 ADVERTISING AND MARKETING ACTIVITY
2016 total advertising spend declined 5.8% year-on-year
Figure 267: Recorded above-the-line, online display and direct mail total advertising expenditure by UK supermarket and online grocers, 2013-16
Asda toppled by Lidl as the leading advertiser by spend
Figure 268: Recorded above-the-line, online display and direct mail total advertising expenditure by leading UK supermarket and online grocers, 2013-16
Advertising spend peaks around Easter and in the month leading up to Christmas
Figure 269: Recorded above-the-line, online display and direct mail total advertising expenditure by UK supermarket and online grocers, by month, 2015-16
TV accounted for the lion’s share of spend in 2016
Figure 270: Percentage media type split of recorded above-the-line, online display and direct mail total advertising expenditure by UK supermarkets and online grocers, 2013-16
What we’ve seen so far in 2017
Nielsen Ad Intel coverage
AHOLD DELHAIZE
What we think
A good fit
Local brands at core of company strategy
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 271: Ahold Delhaize: group financial performance*, 2015-16
Figure 272: Ahold Delhaize: outlet data*, 2015-16
Retail offering
ALDI
What we think
The key markets
Germany
UK
US
Australia
Further expansion
Company background
Company performance
Figure 273: Aldi: estimated group sales performance, 2012-16
Figure 274: Aldi: number of outlets, 2012-16
Retail offering
ASDA GROUP
What we think
Toyou drives footfall into stores
Lack of significant convenience presence could be an issue
Better solution may be to push hard on online development
A deal on the horizon?
Cost-cutting on the agenda
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 275: Asda Group Ltd: group financial performance, 2012-16
Figure 276: Asda Group Ltd: outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
AUCHAN
What we think
Single brand simplifies relationship with customers
Selling off non-core businesses
Stronger buying links with Système U but closer relationship ruled out
An expanding presence in Eastern Europe
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 277: Auchan: group financial performance, 2012-16
Figure 278: Auchan: outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
CARREFOUR
What we think
A new boss, a new plan
Core strength in food growing strongly
Expanding convenience formats
Online evolving
Company background
Company performance
Group
France
Rest of Europe
Figure 279: Carrefour: group financial performance, 2012-16
Figure 280: Carrefour: outlet data, 2012-16
Figure 281: Carrefour (Europe): outlet numbers, 2013-16
Figure 282: Carrefour: store numbers by country, 2015-16 (at December)
Figure 283: Carrefour: European hypermarket numbers (directly operated stores only), 2016
Figure 284: Carrefour: European supermarket numbers (directly operated stores only, 2016
Figure 285: Carrefour: European c-store numbers (directly operated stores only), 2016
Retail offering
CASINO
What we think
Enhanced discount shopping experience fuelling growth at Leader Price
Hypermarkets focusing on food and cutting back on non-food retail space
Supermarkets improve fresh food offering and multichannel capability
Longer opening hours, new loyalty card and more delivery options boost Monoprix
Evolving ‘Mandarine’ store format driving sales at ultra-convenient chain Franprix
Other convenience banners upgrading their offering and introducing new concepts
Quickening the checkout process across its retail brands
Company background
Company performance
Figure 286: Casino: group financial performance, 2012-16
Figure 287: Casino (France): outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
THE CO-OPERATIVE FOOD
What we think
£137.5 million bid for wholesale group Nisa
IT investment transforming the store experience
Rolling out local sourcing programme nationwide
Healthier food options
Bolstering eco credentials
Company background
Company performance
Figure 288: The Co-operative Food: group financial performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 289: The Co-operative Food: outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
DIA
What we think
Store remodelling programme
Greater focus on gourmet foods
Focus on online
Investment in international
Company background
Company performance
Figure 290: Dia: group financial performance, 2012-16
Figure 291: Dia: outlet data, 2012-16
Figure 292: Dia: store formats
Retail offering
EDEKA GROUP
What we think
Same-day grocery delivery service
New convenience store concept
Convenient grocery delivery fulfilment option
Edeka expanding into the drugstore market
Netto Marken-Discount responding to consumers’ food provenance concerns
Company background
Company performance
Figure 293: Edeka Group: food retail sales performance, 2012-16
Figure 294: Edeka Group: food retail outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
E LECLERC
What we think
A trailblazer on price
Leader in the Drive format
Company background
Company performance
Figure 295: E Leclerc: estimated group sales performance, excl. VAT, 2012-16
Figure 296: E Leclerc: outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
ICELAND FOODS 
What we think
New concept stores continue to be rolled out
Quality focus for products
Loyalty programme to move to existing payment cards
Company background
Company performance
Figure 297: Iceland Foods Ltd: group financial performance, 2012/113-2016/17
Figure 298: Iceland Foods Ltd: outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
JERÓNIMO MARTINS
What we think
Pingo Doce focused on own brand development to maintain price competitiveness
Store improvements helping grow Pingo Doce sales
New pre-ordered meal solutions service for time-pressed households
New Biedronka deli concept sparks rumours of a push into convenience grocery retail
Self-service Biedronka outlets to reduce checkout queuing times
Biedronka promoting good health through sportswear launch and reformulated food products
Biedronka expanded non-food offering
Biedronka bolstering its appeal as a retail destination for cosmetics
Company background
Company performance
Figure 299: Jerónimo Martins: group financial performance, 2012-16
Figure 300: Jerónimo Martins: outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
MARKS & SPENCER (UK FOOD) 
What we think
Delivery and convenience prioritised
Sushi counters
Plan A 2025 – A new sustainability and eco focus
Company background
Company performance
Figure 301: Marks & Spencer (UK Food): group sales performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 302: Marks & Spencer (UK Food): food outlets, by format, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 303: Marks & Spencer (UK Food): outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
MERCADONA
What we think
Growing importance in the world of beauty
Continuing to invest in its store network
Focus on fresh products
International expansion
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 304: Mercadona: group financial performance, excl. VAT, 2012-16
Figure 305: Mercadona: outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
WM MORRISON GROUP
What we think
‘Fresh look’ supermarket format driving store sales growth
Re-entry into the convenience market
Responding to consumer demand for more locally sourced food and drink products
New store-pick online service extends home delivery reach
Expanded online product offering boosting e-commerce sales
Own-label push to combat food price inflation
First womenswear range
Cutting food waste
Company background
Company performance
Figure 306: Wm Morrison Group: group financial performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 307: Wm Morrison Group: outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
LES MOUSQUETAIRES (INTERMARCHÉ)
What we think
A new strategy
Overhaul of private label
Digitalisation
Netto doing well
Company background
Company performance
Figure 308: Les Mousquetaires: grocery operations – Estimated sales performance, 2013-16
Figure 309: Les Mousquetaires: grocery outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
Figure 310: France: customer profile of consumers using Intermarché for their main shop, September 2017
OCADO GROUP 
What we think
Waitrose sourcing agreement has positives and negatives
No guarantee that Waitrose will terminate…
…but the implications for Ocado if it does
Broadening the customer base
Diversifying into new sectors
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 311: Ocado Group plc: group financial performance, 2011/12-2015/16
Figure 312: Ocado Group plc: key performance metrics, 2012/13-2015/16
Retail offering
REAL
What we think
New Markthalle Krefeld store concept success
New buying alliance will bring extended product range and lower prices
Integration of Hitmeister expands online product offering
Preparing to roll out a nationwide grocery home delivery service
Considering roll-out of click-and-collect across its entire store network
Voice-controlled shopping
Company background
Company performance
Figure 313: Real: group financial performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 314: Real: outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
REWE
What we think
Clearer strategy emerges for international operations
Exploiting convenience
Going local
The natural way
Online plans
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 315: Rewe: group* financial performance, 2012-16
Figure 316: Rewe: outlet data, 2012-16
Retail offering
J SAINSBURY (UK)
What we think
Looking to drive synergies from the Home Retail Group deal
Pushing ahead with online innovations
Keeping a lid on costs
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 317: J Sainsbury (UK)*: group financial performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 318: J Sainsbury (UK): outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
SCHWARZ GROUP (LIDL)
What we think
Lidl lands in the US
Further expansion
Lidl goes on the attack in Germany
Further gains in the UK
Embracing technology
Lidl bets big on clothing
Figure 319: Esmara by Heidi Klum at Lidl UK, September 2017
Online operations at early stages of development
Company background
Company performance
Figure 320: Schwarz Group: group sales performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 321: Schwarz Group: outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
SPAR INTERNATIONAL
What we think
Capitalising on smaller, more frequent food shopping
Modernisation of larger stores
New health store concept to meet the demands of health-conscious consumers
E-commerce solutions to make shopping as convenient as possible
Food waste scheme prompts positive response
Company background
Company performance
Figure 322: Spar International: Western Europe and Central & Eastern Europe retail sales, by country, 2012-16
Figure 323: Spar International: Western Europe and Central & Eastern Europe outlets, 2012-16
Figure 324: Spar International: Western Europe and Central & Eastern Europe retail sales area, 2012-16
Figure 325: Spar International: Western Europe and Central & Eastern Europe sales per sq m, by country, 2012-16
Retail offering
TESCO 
What we think
The turnaround
Booker
Logic behind the deal
A consumer downturn?
Company background
Fraud Squad investigation
Company performance
Full year 2016/17
Figure 326: Tesco: sales growth by country in local currency terms, 2015/16-2016/17
First half 2017/18
Figure 327: Tesco: first half sales growth by country in local currency terms, H1 2016/17-H1 2017/18
Online
Tesco Bank
The balance sheet
Figure 328: Tesco Plc: group financial performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 329: Tesco UK: like-for-like sales growth by format, Q1 and Q2 2017/18
Figure 330: Tesco: UK store space by format, 2017
Figure 331: Tesco Plc: outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering
WAITROSE
What we think
Store sales decline forces shift in focus
Prioritising footfall and loyalty over profit
Foodservice and click-and-collect drive footfall
What next?
Company background
Company performance
Figure 332: Waitrose: group financial performance, 2012/13-2016/17
Figure 333: Waitrose: outlet data, 2012/13-2016/17
Retail offering

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