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Food Retailing - UK - November 2008
Retail Intelligence: Europe, International Reports (Academic USA), Food: UK, Non-fashion High Street: UK Price: £1500 / $3000 / €2250
Contents
Issues in the Market
Market in Brief
Internal Market Environment
Broader Market Environment
The Market in Context
Strengths and Weaknesses in the Market
Sector Size and Forecast
The Consumer – Where They Shop for Groceries
Retail Competitor Analysis
Aldi (Europe)
Asda Stores
Co-operative Group (Food)
Iceland Foods
J Sainsbury
Marks & Spencer (food)
Wm Morrison Supermarkets
Musgrave
Ocado
Schwarz Group
SPAR International
Tesco
Waitrose
Retail Advertising and Promotion
Appendix: Where They Shop For Groceries
Latest news updates to this report
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About this report

Food retailing is by far the largest retail sector accounting for almost half of all retail sales. It is also the most concentrated in Europe, if not the world, with just four major players dominating the sector and taking the lion’s share of main supermarket shopping trips.

For this reason it is a focus for attention by the competition authorities and a constant target for small store action groups.

The success of the majors has come from being responsive to changing tastes and from expanding their product offers. In food they have expanded their ready prepared products and developed organic, premium, value and fair trade ranges. In non-food they have introduced clothing brands and other ranges including electricals, housewares, home entertainment, toys, stationery and services including finance and telecoms where they have the space to merchandise them with authority.

But the UK is at the beginning of a major downturn. The economy as a whole is expected to be in recession in the second half of the year having been flat in the second quarter and down in the third and that is likely to translate into a retail recession by early 2009. How should the grocers react, how will consumers react?

Main report themes:

  • Consumers have been trading up, seeking ever more aspirational goods. How should/will the grocers react if that trend reverses?

  • Concentration and competition in the aftermath of the Competition Commission report.

  • Are green and ethical issues important to consumers, or are they more of a stick for the media to beat the retailers with?

  • How important is the online offer and how much further can it go.

If you want more details about this particular report, please contact the Mintel information team on  +1 312-932-0400 in the U.S.,  +44 028-90-241-849 in Northern Ireland,  +353 048-90-241-849 in the Republic of Ireland or  +44 (0)20-7606-6000 in the UK and the rest of the world, or email info@mintel.com.
Key words and phrases within this report

Tesco; Lidl; Spar; Aldi; Asda; Morrisons; Waitrose; Sainsbury’s; Somerfield; Sainsbury; Iceland; Brands; Germany; Schwarz; Safeway; Product offer; Financial performance; Kaufland; Musgrave; Netto; Budgens; Ireland; European; Europe; ONS; Wm Morrison; Hard discounters; Wal-Mart; Spain; Londis; History; Austria; Inflation; Marks & Spencer; Centra; Ocado; France; Slovenia; George; Italy; International; Fairtrade; Poland; Direct; Store portfolio; Finland; Norway; Czech Republic; Retail sales; Market shares; Hungary; Living; Woolworths; Aspiag; Ukraine; Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008; What the brand is trying to achieve; What the consumer thinks; Baugur; German; Greece; Market Street; Netherlands; Sweden; Belgium; China; Pricing; Trust; Express; Alcohol and tobacco; Brand; British; Simply Food; Croatia; Denmark; INTERSPAR; Value; VAT; Recession; South Korea; The economy; Internet; Premium lines; Whittard; Nord; Extra Special; Supercentre; United; Eat Smart; The Best; John Lewis Partnership; Japan; Russia; Western; Carrefour; Food & Home; Economic uncertainty; Instant Gratification; Competition; Green issues
Contents

Issues in the Market

Main themes

Sector definitions

Financial definitions

Abbreviations

Market in Brief

Economic uncertainty

Economic background

A safe haven in tough times

Discounters gaining from trading down

Tesco vs the rest

Superstore dominance

Sector size

Forecast

Internal Market Environment

Key points

Inflation

Figure 1: Inflation: All items and food and drink, 1988-2008
Figure 2: UK: Inflation, food and all items, 2007-08

Competition

The Media campaign
The Competition Commission Inquiry

Store formats – C-stores

Figure 3: UK: C-stores of the leading food retailers, 2008

Store formats – hypermarkets

Green issues

Growing online sales

Figure 4: UK online food retailing sales, 2007
2008

Broader Market Environment

Key points

Ageing population a major long term problem

Figure 5: UK population forecasts, by age group, 2003-13

The economy

Figure 6: UK GDP growth, 1989-2008

Consumers being squeezed

Retail sales

Figure 7: UK: Year on year retail sales value growth, Jan 2008-Sept 2008
Figure 8: UK: Year on year retail sales volume growth, Jan 2008-Sept 2008

Consumer confidence

Figure 9: UK: Nationwide Consumer Confidence Index, Jan 2005-Sept 2008

The Market in Context

Key points

Food retailers – Key markets

Figure 10: UK: Consumer spending on selected major goods categories, 2003-07

Food – by far the most important sector

Figure 11: UK: Spending on food as % all consumer spending, 2003-07
Figure 12: Food – estimated channels of distribution, 2007

Alcohol and tobacco

Figure 13: Alcohol and tobacco – Estimated channels of distribution, 2007

Non-foods

Product mix

Figure 14: UK: Food retailers, estimated product mix, 2007

Fuel and other non-retail items

Figure 15: UK Fuel sales of the major food retailers, 2007

Food in context – Eating out

Figure 16: Spending on food relative to spending on eating out, 2003-07

Strengths and Weaknesses in the Market

Strengths

Weaknesses

Sector Size and Forecast

Key points

The future

Figure 17: UK: Food retailers’ sales, 2003-13

Winners and losers

The past

The Consumer – Where They Shop for Groceries

Key points

Note on Research

Timing of the Research

Supermarkets used

Figure 18: Supermarket usage, July 2008
Figure 19: Profile of supermarket users, by age and socio-economic group, July 2008

Winners and losers

Figure 20: UK: Food retailer usage changes, July 2008
Figure 21: UK: Where shoppers who have used stores less have migrated to, July 2008
Figure 22: Net change in customers, July 2008
Profile of retailers by customer loyalty
Figure 23: Profile of shoppers whose usage is unchanged, July 2008
Profile of customers using supermarkets more
Figure 24: Profile of shoppers whose usage has increased, July 2008
Hard discounters
Profile of customers using supermarkets less
Figure 25: Profile of shoppers whose usage has declined, July 2008
Who is suffering

Retail Competitor Analysis

Key points

Leading retailers

Tesco, the largest and still gaining
Winners and losers
Hard discounters
Figure 43: UK: Leading food retailers, 2007/08

Evaluation

Market shares

Pitfalls
Figure 44: Leading UK food retailers, estimated non-retail share of sales, 2007
Market leaders
Figure 45: Leading UK food retailers, market shares, 2007

Aldi (Europe)

Figure 46: Aldi (Europe): Sales as share of all food retailers' sales in Europe, 2003-07
Figure 47: Aldi (Germany): Sales as share of all food retailers' sales in Germany, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Financial performance

Figure 48: Aldi (Europe): Estimated group sales performance, 2003-07

Store portfolio

Figure 49: Aldi (Europe): Outlet data, 2003-07

Retail offering

Market positioning
Product offer
Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Asda Stores

Figure 50: Asda Stores Ltd: Sales as share of all food retailers in UK, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Financial performance

Figure 51: Asda Group: Financial performance, 2003-07

Store portfolio

Figure 52: Asda Group: Outlet data, 2004-08
Figure 53: Asda Group: Outlet numbers by store type, 2005-08

Retail offering

Market positioning
Product offer
Pricing

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Co-operative Group (Food)

Figure 54: Co-operative Group (Food): Sales as share of all food retailers’ sales in UK, 2003-07
Figure 55: Somerfield: Sales as share of all food retailers’ sales in UK, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Financial performance

Figure 56: Co-operative Group (food): Financial performance, 2003/04-2007/08

Somerfield

Figure 57: Somerfield: Group financial performance, 2003/04-2007/08

Store portfolio

Figure 58: Co-operative Group: Outlet data, 2004-08
Figure 59: Somerfield: Outlet data, 2003-07

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Figure 60: Co-operative Group: Own brands, 2008
Product offer
Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Iceland Foods

Figure 61: Iceland Foods Ltd: Sales as share of all food retailers in UK, 2003-07

History

Financial performance

Figure 62: Iceland Foods: Group financial performance, 2003/04-2007/08

Store portfolio

Figure 63: Iceland Foods Ltd: Outlet data, 2003/04-2007/08

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Pricing

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

J Sainsbury

Figure 64: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets: Sales as share of all food retailers in the UK, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Financial performance

Figure 65: J Sainsbury: Group financial performance, 2003/04-2007/08
Figure 66: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets, 2003/04-2007/08
Figure 67: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets: Sales growth, 2004/05-2007/08

Store portfolio

Figure 68: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets: Outlet data, 2004-08
Figure 69: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets: Outlets by size, 2004-08

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Figure 70: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets: Own brand portfolio
Product offer
Pricing

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Marks & Spencer (food)

Figure 71: Marks & Spencer (food): Sales as share of all food retailers in UK, 2003-07

Recent history

Financial performance

Figure 72: Marks & Spencer (food): Like-for-like sales performance, 2007/08-2008/09
Figure 73: Marks & Spencer (food): Group financial performance, 2003/04-2007/08

Store portfolio

Figure 74: Marks & Spencer (food): Outlet data, 2004-08

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Product offer
Pricing
Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Wm Morrison Supermarkets

Figure 75: Wm Morrison group: Sales as share of all food retailers' sales in UK, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Financial performance

Figure 76: Wm Morrison group: Financial performance, 2004/05-2007/08

Store portfolio

Figure 77: Wm Morrison Supermarkets: Outlet data, 2004-08
Figure 78: Wm Morrison Supermarkets: Store portfolio by size, 2003, 2007 and 2008

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Product offer
Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Musgrave

Figure 79: Musgrave (Ireland): Sales as share of all food retailers’ sales in Ireland, 2003-07
Figure 80: Musgrave (UK): sales as share of all food retailers’ sales in the UK, 2003-07

Recent history

Financial performance

Figure 81: Musgrave: Group financial performance, 2003-07
Figure 82: Musgrave: Estimated retail sales by market, 2003-07
Figure 83: Musgrave: Percentage of retail sales by brand, 2007

Store portfolio

Figure 84: Musgrave: Main formats outlet data, 2003-07

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Figure 85: Musgrave: Breakdown of brand lines, 2008
Product offer

Operational issues

e-commerce and home shopping

Ocado

Figure 86: Ocado Ltd: Sales as share of all food retailers in UK, 2003-07

History

Financial performance

Figure 87: Ocado Ltd: Group financial performance, 2003-07

Retail offering

Operational issues

Schwarz Group

Figure 88: Schwarz Group: Estimated sales as share of all food retailers’ sales in Europe, 2003-07
Figure 89: Schwarz Group: Estimated sales as share of all food retailers’ sales in Germany, 2003-07
Figure 90: Schwarz Group: Estimated sales as share of all food retailers’ sales in France, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Financial performance

Figure 91: Schwarz Group: Estimated group sales, 2003/04-2007/08
Figure 92: Schwarz Group: German operations’ share of group sales, by fascia, 2003/04-2007/08
Figure 93: Schwarz Group: Estimated share in group international sales by market, 2007/08

Store portfolio

Figure 94: Schwarz Group: Store portfolio, Germany vs international, 2003/04-2007/08
Figure 95: Schwarz Group: Store formats, 2008
Recent developments
Figure 96: Schwarz Group: Outlet data, 2004-08

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Product offer
Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

SPAR International

Figure 97: SPAR (Europe): Sales as share of all European food retailers’ sales, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Figure 98: SPAR International: Year of entry by country

Financial performance

Figure 99: SPAR International: Retail sales by country, 2003-07
Figure 100: SPAR International: Estimated European sales exclusive of sales tax, 2007

European operations

Figure 101: SPAR (Austria): Sales as share of Austrian food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 102: SPAR (Belgium): Sales as share of all Belgian food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 103: SPAR (Croatia): Sales as share of all Croatian food retailers’ sales, 2005-07
Figure 104: SPAR (Czech Republic): Sales as share of all Czech food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 105: SPAR (Denmark): Sales as share of all Danish food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 106: SPAR (France): Sales as share of all French food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 107: SPAR (Germany): Sales as share of all German food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 108: SPAR (Greece): Sales as share of all Greek food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 109: SPAR (Hungary): Sales as share of all Hungarian food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 110: SPAR (Ireland): Sales as share of all Irish food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 111: SPAR (Italy): Sales as share of all Italian food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 112: SPAR (Netherlands): Sales as share of all Dutch food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 113: SPAR (Norway): Sales as share of all Norwegian food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 114: SPAR (Poland): Sales as share of all Polish food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 115: SPAR (Russia): Sales as share of all Russian food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 116: SPAR (Slovenia): Sales as share of all Slovenian food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 117: SPAR (Spain): Sales as share of all Spanish food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 118: SPAR (Switzerland): Sales as share of all Swiss food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 119: SPAR (UK): Sales as share of all UK food retailers’ sales, 2003-07
Figure 120: SPAR International: Sales and outlets by country outside Europe, 2001 and 2006-07

Store portfolio

Figure 121: SPAR International: Outlet data, 2003-07
Figure 122: SPAR International: Sales per m² by country (Europe), 2007
Figure 123: SPAR International: Store formats, 2008

Retail offering

Market positioning
Product offer
Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Tesco

Figure 124: Tesco (Europe): Sales as share of all food retailers in Europe, 2003-07

Strategic evaluation

History

Financial performance

Figure 125: Tesco Plc: Group financial performance, 2003/04-2007/08
Figure 126: Tesco (UK): Sales as share of all food retailers in UK, 2003-07
Figure 127: Tesco (Czech Rep): Sales as share of all food retailers in Czech Republic, 2003-07
Figure 128: Tesco (Hungary): Sales as share of all food retailers in Hungary, 2003-07
Figure 129: Tesco (Ireland): Sales as share of all food retailers in Ireland, 2003-07
Figure 130: Tesco (Poland): Sales as share of all food retailers in Poland, 2003-07
Figure 131: Tesco (Slovak Rep): Sales as share of all food retailers in Slovak Republic, 2003-07

Store portfolio

Figure 132: Tesco Plc: Outlet data, 2003/04-2007/08
Figure 133: Tesco: UK store formats, 2007/08
Figure 134: Tesco: European store formats, 2007/08
Figure 135: Tesco: Asian store formats, 2007/08

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Product offer
Figure 136: Tesco UK: Sales by product, 2006/07 and 2007/08
Pricing

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Waitrose

Figure 137: Waitrose Ltd: Sales as share of all food retailers in UK, 2003-07

History

Financial performance

Figure 138: Waitrose Ltd: Group financial performance, 2003/04-2007/08

Store portfolio

Figure 139: Waitrose Ltd: Outlet data, 2003/04-2007/08

Retail offering

Market positioning
Brands
Product offer
Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

e-commerce and home shopping

Retail Advertising and Promotion

Key points

Trends in total spending on advertising

Figure 140: Main media advertsising: Leading supermarkets, 2004-08 (H1)
Figure 141: Total advertising spending, 2004-08 (H1)
Figure 142: UK: Spending on advertising as % total sales, 2007

Advertising media

Figure 143: Leading retailers’ advertising spend, by medium, 2007
Figure 144: Leading retailers’ advertising split by media, 2007
Figure 145: UK: Total supermarket spend on advertising, by media, 2004-08 (H1)

Appendix: Where They Shop For Groceries

Figure 146: Regular shoppers, by demographic, July 2008
Figure 147: How regular shoppers have changed their shopping habits in the last year, July 2008
Figure 148: Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008
Figure 149: Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008
Figure 150: Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008
Figure 151: Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008
Figure 152: Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008
Figure 153: Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008
Figure 154: Demographics for how the frequency of shopping at each outlet has changed in the past 12 months, July 2008