Table of Contents
Introduction
Data Sources
Background and Definitions
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- Poverty
- The least developed countries (LDCs)
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- Figure 1: The list of LDCs, 2006
Poverty in Africa
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- Debt
- Making trade fair
- HIV/AIDS
‘Make Poverty History’ Campaign
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- How can tourism help alleviate poverty?
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- Figure 2: Growth of international tourist arrivals and tourism receipts, 1990-2004
- Tourism to developing countries and LDCs
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- Figure 3: Trends in international tourist arrivals in developing countries and the world, 1990-2003*
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- Figure 4: Trends in international tourism receipts in developing countries and the world, 1990-2003*
- The comparative performance of tourism to developing countries
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- Figure 5: Developing countries with a fast growing tourism sector, 1992-2003*
- Figure 6: Developing countries with a decreasing tourism sector, 1992-2003*
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- Figure 7: International tourist arrivals and receipts in LDCs, 1988, 1998 and 2003*
- Tourism and development
- Sustainable tourism
- Ecotourism
- Community-based tourism
- Leakage and linkages
- Fairtrade
- Fairtrade in Tourism
- Pro-poor Tourism (PPT)
- Principles of Pro-Poor Tourism
Organisations and Initiatives
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- 'Sustainable Tourism – Eliminating Poverty' initiative (STEP)
- United Nations International Year of Microcredit, 2005
- Global Code of Ethics (GCET)
- PPT Partnership
- Overseas Development Institute (ODI)
- Fairtrade in Tourism Network
- Fairtrade in Tourism South Africa
- GTZ
- AKTE
- SNV Netherlands Development Organisation
- Tour Operator’s Initiative
- The Association of Small Scale Enterprises in Tourism
- The International Business Leaders Forum
- International Hotels Environment Initiative
- Youth Career Initiative
- International Tourism Partnership
Pro-Poor Opportunities for Industry
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- The Business Case for PPT
- Market opportunities
- Pro-poor strategies for businesses
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- Figure 8: Types of PPT strategies
- Strategies for ‘Making Tourism Count’ for the local economy
- Strategies for the ‘informal sector’
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- Figure 9: Factors that encourage purchases of local crafts, food, guiding and market products
- Facilitating poverty alleviation with tourism’s private sector
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- Figure 10: Some well-known destinations in poor countries
- Implications for tour operators
Case Study: Sandals – The Case for the All-Inclusive Resort
Case Study: Tribes Travel, the Fairtrade TravelTM Company
Interview with Harold Goodwin of the Pro-Poor Tourism Initiative (4 August 2006)
Outlook
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